# Kansas: the native trees and shrubs we grow

> 83 trees and shrubs native to Kansas by the USDA PLANTS records, from 21 large trees to 26 shrubs, all grown from seed, with zones and size on every card.

Blue Whale Trees, a native tree nursery in the United States. Web version: https://bluewhaletrees.com/tools/native/?state=KS

Pick a state and see which of the 364 trees and shrubs we grow are recorded growing wild there, by the USDA PLANTS Database. Some of our trees have spread well beyond their native range. Those count as native only in the states their original range reaches, and elsewhere they are listed apart with their page's own sentence. A state record is a start, not a verdict on your ground. The [planting-site check](https://bluewhaletrees.com/tools/site-check/index.html.md) asks about the location itself.

## 83 of our 364 trees and shrubs are native to Kansas

Recorded there by the USDA PLANTS Database, and native there by the rules below.

Native here does not mean hardy where you are. Each card gives its zones, and the [ZIP code tool](https://bluewhaletrees.com/tools/zone/index.html.md) finds yours.

## 21 large trees

- [American Basswood (Linden)](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/american-basswood/index.html.md) (*Tilia americana*): Large tree, Zones 3–8, 60–90 ft, Price on request
- [Kentucky Coffeetree](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/kentucky-coffeetree/index.html.md) (*Gymnocladus dioicus*): Large tree, Zones 3–8, 60–80 ft, Price on request
- [Blue Ash](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/blue-ash/index.html.md) (*Fraxinus quadrangulata*): Large tree, Zones 4–7, 50–70 ft, Price on request
- [Northern Pecan](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/pecan/index.html.md) (*Carya illinoinensis*): Large tree, Zones 5–9, 70–100 ft, Price on request
- [Shagbark Hickory](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/shagbark-hickory/index.html.md) (*Carya ovata*): Large tree, Zones 4–8, 60–90 ft, Price on request
- [Black Walnut](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/black-walnut/index.html.md) (*Juglans nigra*): Large tree, Zones 4–9, 70–100 ft, Price on request
- [Common Hackberry](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/common-hackberry/index.html.md) (*Celtis occidentalis*): Large tree, Zones 3–9, 40–60 ft, Price on request
- [Mockernut Hickory](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/mockernut-hickory/index.html.md) (*Carya tomentosa*): Large tree, Zones 4–9, 60–80 ft, Price on request
- [Pignut Hickory](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/pignut-hickory/index.html.md) (*Carya glabra*): Large tree, Zones 4–9, 50–80 ft, Price on request
- [Shellbark Hickory (Kingnut)](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/shellbark-hickory/index.html.md) (*Carya laciniosa*): Large tree, Zones 5–8, 60–80 ft, Price on request
- [Bitternut Hickory](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/bitternut-hickory/index.html.md) (*Carya cordiformis*): Large tree, Zones 4–9, 50–80 ft, Price on request
- [Rock Elm](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/rock-elm/index.html.md) (*Ulmus thomasii*): Large tree, Zones 2–9, 70–90 ft, Price on request
- [Black Oak](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/black-oak/index.html.md) (*Quercus velutina*): Large tree, Zones 3–9, 50–80 ft, Price on request
- [Sugarberry](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/sugarberry/index.html.md) (*Celtis laevigata*): Large tree, Zones 5–10, 50–80 ft, Price on request
- [Black Maple](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/black-maple/index.html.md) (*Acer nigrum*): Large tree, Zones 3–8, 60–75 ft, Price on request
- [Shumard Oak](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/shumard-oak/index.html.md) (*Quercus shumardii*): Large tree, Zones 5–9, 50–80 ft, Price on request
- [White Oak](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/white-oak/index.html.md) (*Quercus alba*): Large tree, Zones 3–9, 50–80 ft, Price on request
- [Bur Oak](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/bur-oak/index.html.md) (*Quercus macrocarpa*): Large tree, Zones 3–8, 60–80 ft, Price on request
- [Black Cherry](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/black-cherry/index.html.md) (*Prunus serotina*): Large tree, Zones 2–9, 50–80 ft, Price on request
- [Northern Red Oak](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/northern-red-oak/index.html.md) (*Quercus rubra*): Large tree, Zones 3–8, 50–75 ft, Price on request
- [Pin Oak](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/pin-oak/index.html.md) (*Quercus palustris*): Large tree, Zones 4–8, 50–70 ft, Price on request

## 13 medium trees

- [Hop Hornbeam](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/hop-hornbeam/index.html.md) (*Ostrya virginiana*): Medium tree, Zones 3–9, 25–40 ft, Price on request
- [Red Mulberry](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/red-mulberry/index.html.md) (*Morus rubra*): Medium tree, Zones 4–9, 35–50 ft, Price on request
- [American Persimmon](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/american-persimmon/index.html.md) (*Diospyros virginiana*): Medium tree, Zones 4–9, 35–60 ft, Price on request
- [Sassafras](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/sassafras/index.html.md) (*Sassafras albidum*): Medium tree, Zones 4–9, 30–60 ft, Price on request
- [Shingle Oak](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/shingle-oak/index.html.md) (*Quercus imbricaria*): Medium tree, Zones 4–8, 40–60 ft, Price on request
- [Post Oak](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/post-oak/index.html.md) (*Quercus stellata*): Medium tree, Zones 5–9, 35–50 ft, Price on request
- [Black Hickory](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/black-hickory/index.html.md) (*Carya texana*): Medium tree, Zones 5–9, 30–80 ft, Price on request
- [Winged Elm](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/winged-elm/index.html.md) (*Ulmus alata*): Medium tree, Zones 6–9, 40–60 ft, Price on request
- [Ohio Buckeye](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/ohio-buckeye/index.html.md) (*Aesculus glabra*): Medium tree, Zones 3–7, 20–40 ft, Price on request
- [Texas Red Oak](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/texas-red-oak/index.html.md) (*Quercus buckleyi*): Medium tree, Zones 5–10, 20–50 ft, Price on request
- [Chinquapin Oak](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/chinquapin-oak/index.html.md) (*Quercus muehlenbergii*): Medium tree, Zones 3–8, 40–60 ft, Price on request
- [Eastern Red Cedar](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/eastern-red-cedar/index.html.md) (*Juniperus virginiana*): Medium tree, Zones 2–9, 30–50 ft, Price on request
- [River Birch](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/river-birch/index.html.md) (*Betula nigra*): Medium tree, Zones 3–9, 40–70 ft, Price on request

## 23 small trees

- [Flowering Dogwood](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/flowering-dogwood/index.html.md) (*Cornus florida*): Small tree, Zones 5–9, 15–30 ft, Price on request
- [Downy Serviceberry](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/downy-serviceberry/index.html.md) (*Amelanchier arborea*): Small tree, Zones 4–9, 15–25 ft, Price on request
- [Eastern Redbud](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/eastern-redbud/index.html.md) (*Cercis canadensis*): Small tree, Zones 4–9, 20–30 ft, Price on request
- [Pawpaw](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/pawpaw/index.html.md) (*Asimina triloba*): Small tree, Zones 5–9, 15–30 ft, Price on request
- [American Plum](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/american-plum/index.html.md) (*Prunus americana*): Small tree, Zones 3–8, 15–25 ft, Price on request
- [American Crabapple](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/american-crabapple/index.html.md) (*Malus coronaria*): Small tree, Zones 4–8, 15–30 ft, Price on request
- [Common Hoptree (Wafer Ash)](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/common-hoptree/index.html.md) (*Ptelea trifoliata*): Small tree, Zones 4–9, 10–20 ft, Price on request
- [Blackjack Oak](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/blackjack-oak/index.html.md) (*Quercus marilandica*): Small tree, Zones 6–9, 20–40 ft, Price on request
- [Rusty Blackhaw](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/rusty-blackhaw/index.html.md) (*Viburnum rufidulum*): Small tree, Zones 5–9, 10–20 ft, Price on request
- [Chickasaw Plum](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/chickasaw-plum/index.html.md) (*Prunus angustifolia*): Small tree, Zones 5–9, 4–20 ft, Price on request
- [Dwarf Hackberry](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/dwarf-hackberry/index.html.md) (*Celtis tenuifolia*): Small tree, Zones 4–9, 15–30 ft, Price on request
- [Farkleberry](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/farkleberry/index.html.md) (*Vaccinium arboreum*): Small tree, Zones 6–10, 10–25 ft, Price on request
- [Prairie Crabapple](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/prairie-crabapple/index.html.md) (*Malus ioensis*): Small tree, Zones 2–8, 20–30 ft, Price on request
- [Cockspur Hawthorn](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/cockspur-hawthorn/index.html.md) (*Crataegus crus-galli*): Small tree, Zones 3–8, 20–30 ft, Price on request
- [Downy Hawthorn](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/downy-hawthorn/index.html.md) (*Crataegus mollis*): Small tree, Zones 3–8, 20–40 ft, Price on request
- [Green Hawthorn](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/green-hawthorn/index.html.md) (*Crataegus viridis*): Small tree, Zones 4–8, 20–35 ft, Price on request
- [Mexican Plum](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/mexican-plum/index.html.md) (*Prunus mexicana*): Small tree, Zones 5–8, 10–35 ft, Price on request
- [Chokecherry](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/chokecherry/index.html.md) (*Prunus virginiana*): Small tree, Zones 2–10, 20–30 ft, Price on request
- [Gum Bumelia](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/gum-bumelia/index.html.md) (*Sideroxylon lanuginosum*): Small tree, Zones 5–10, 15–45 ft, Price on request
- [Swamp Privet](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/swamp-privet/index.html.md) (*Forestiera acuminata*): Small tree, Zones 6–9, 8–30 ft, Price on request
- [Little Walnut](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/little-walnut/index.html.md) (*Juglans microcarpa*): Small tree, Zones 5–9, 20–30 ft, Price on request
- [Hortulan Plum](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/hortulan-plum/index.html.md) (*Prunus hortulana*): Small tree, Zones 5–7, 20–30 ft, Price on request
- [Pear Hawthorn](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/pear-hawthorn/index.html.md) (*Crataegus calpodendron*): Small tree, Zones 4–8, 7–23 ft, Price on request

## 26 shrubs

- [Dwarf Chinquapin Oak](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/dwarf-chinquapin-oak/index.html.md) (*Quercus prinoides*): Shrub, Zones 4–8, 6–15 ft, Price on request
- [American Hazelnut](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/american-hazelnut/index.html.md) (*Corylus americana*): Shrub, Zones 4–9, 8–12 ft, Price on request
- [Spicebush](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/spicebush/index.html.md) (*Lindera benzoin*): Shrub, Zones 4–9, 6–12 ft, Price on request
- [Blackhaw Viburnum](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/blackhaw/index.html.md) (*Viburnum prunifolium*): Shrub, Zones 3–9, 12–15 ft, Price on request
- [Bladdernut](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/bladdernut/index.html.md) (*Staphylea trifolia*): Shrub, Zones 4–8, 8–15 ft, Price on request
- [Black Elderberry](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/black-elderberry/index.html.md) (*Sambucus canadensis*): Shrub, Zones 3–9, 6–12 ft, Price on request
- [Smooth Alder (Swamp Alder)](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/smooth-alder/index.html.md) (*Alnus serrulata*): Shrub, Zones 4–9, 10–20 ft, Price on request
- [Ninebark](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/ninebark/index.html.md) (*Physocarpus opulifolius*): Shrub, Zones 2–8, 5–10 ft, Price on request
- [Eastern Leatherwood](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/eastern-leatherwood/index.html.md) (*Dirca palustris*): Shrub, Zones 4–9, 3–6 ft, Price on request
- [Indigobush (False Indigo)](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/indigobush/index.html.md) (*Amorpha fruticosa*): Shrub, Zones 4–9, 6–12 ft, Price on request
- [Leadplant](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/leadplant/index.html.md) (*Amorpha canescens*): Shrub, Zones 2–8, 1–3 ft, Price on request
- [New Jersey Tea](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/new-jersey-tea/index.html.md) (*Ceanothus americanus*): Shrub, Zones 4–8, 2–3 ft, Price on request
- [Deerberry](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/deerberry/index.html.md) (*Vaccinium stamineum*): Shrub, Zones 5–9, 5–15 ft, Price on request
- [Common Prickly Ash (Toothache Tree)](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/common-prickly-ash/index.html.md) (*Zanthoxylum americanum*): Shrub, Zones 3–8, 10–20 ft, Price on request
- [Roughleaf Dogwood](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/roughleaf-dogwood/index.html.md) (*Cornus drummondii*): Shrub, Zones 5–8, 6–15 ft, Price on request
- [Hillside Blueberry](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/hillside-blueberry/index.html.md) (*Vaccinium pallidum*): Shrub, Zones 5–9, 1–3 ft, Price on request
- [Fragrant Sumac](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/fragrant-sumac/index.html.md) (*Rhus aromatica*): Shrub, Zones 3–9, 2–6 ft, Price on request
- [Possumhaw](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/possumhaw/index.html.md) (*Ilex decidua*): Shrub, Zones 5–9, 7–15 ft, Price on request
- [Sand Cherry](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/sand-cherry/index.html.md) (*Prunus pumila*): Shrub, Zones 3–6, 1–8 ft, Price on request
- [Climbing Prairie Rose](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/climbing-prairie-rose/index.html.md) (*Rosa setigera*): Shrub, Zones 4–8, 3–15 ft, Price on request
- [Prairie Redroot](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/prairie-redroot/index.html.md) (*Ceanothus herbaceus*): Shrub, Zones 4–8, 2–3 ft, Price on request
- [Eastern Wahoo](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/eastern-wahoo/index.html.md) (*Euonymus atropurpureus*): Shrub, Zones 3–9, 6–20 ft, Price on request
- [Wild Hydrangea](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/wild-hydrangea/index.html.md) (*Hydrangea arborescens*): Shrub, Zones 3–9, 3–6 ft, Price on request
- [Red Osier Dogwood](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/red-osier-dogwood/index.html.md) (*Cornus sericea*): Shrub, Zones 2–7, 6–12 ft, Price on request
- [Buttonbush](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/buttonbush/index.html.md) (*Cephalanthus occidentalis*): Shrub, Zones 4–10, 5–12 ft, Price on request
- [Lanceleaf Buckthorn](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/lanceleaf-buckthorn/index.html.md) (*Rhamnus lanceolata*): Shrub, Zones 5–8, 3–15 ft, Price on request

## Native only to part of the country

PLANTS records these growing wild in Kansas, but their native range does not reach it. Each has spread here from planting or rests on an old or mistaken record. The sentence under each gives its native range or the reason.

**[Black Gum (Tupelo)](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/black-gum/index.html.md)** (*Nyssa sylvatica*)

It grows wild from Maine and southern Ontario west to Michigan and Missouri and south to eastern Texas and Florida, in wet bottoms and on dry rocky slopes alike.

**[Black Locust](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/black-locust/index.html.md)** (*Robinia pseudoacacia*)

It grows wild in two blocks, the Appalachians from central Pennsylvania and southern Ohio south to northern Georgia and Alabama, and the Ozarks of Missouri, Arkansas and Oklahoma. It has since spread across the country.

**[Northern Catalpa](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/northern-catalpa/index.html.md)** (*Catalpa speciosa*)

Its native ground is a small area of the central Mississippi Valley in western Tennessee, northeast Arkansas, eastern Missouri, western Kentucky and southern Illinois and Indiana. After 200 years of planting it grows across most eastern states.

**[Staghorn Sumac](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/staghorn-sumac/index.html.md)** (*Rhus typhina*)

It grows wild from Nova Scotia west to Minnesota, south to Iowa, Tennessee and northern Alabama, and east to Georgia, Maryland and New Jersey.

**[Bristly Locust (Rose Locust)](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/rose-locust/index.html.md)** (*Robinia hispida*)

It grows wild in the mountains from Virginia to Kentucky and south to Georgia and Alabama, in open woods, on mountain slopes and on sand hills, and it has spread far beyond that range.

**[Southern Catalpa](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/southern-catalpa/index.html.md)** (*Catalpa bignonioides*)

Its native ground is the Gulf coastal plain, from southwest Georgia and the Florida panhandle west through Alabama and Mississippi to Louisiana. After three centuries of planting it grows wild across most of the East.

### 275 of our trees and shrubs are not recorded in Kansas

Not recorded growing wild there by PLANTS. Many still grow well there when planted: hardiness, soil and sun decide that, not the state line. Each page gives the tree's zones.

[Alabama Azalea](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/alabama-azalea/index.html.md), [Alabama Croton](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/alabama-croton/index.html.md), [Alabama Snow-wreath](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/alabama-snow-wreath/index.html.md), [Alderleaf Buckthorn](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/alderleaf-buckthorn/index.html.md), [Allegheny Chinquapin](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/allegheny-chinquapin/index.html.md), [Allegheny Plum](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/allegheny-plum/index.html.md), [Allegheny Serviceberry](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/allegheny-serviceberry/index.html.md), [American Beautyberry](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/american-beautyberry/index.html.md), [American Beech](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/american-beech/index.html.md), [American Chestnut](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/american-chestnut/index.html.md), [American Fly Honeysuckle](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/american-fly-honeysuckle/index.html.md), [American Holly, select line](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/american-holly/index.html.md), [American Hornbeam (Musclewood)](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/american-hornbeam/index.html.md), [American Mountain Ash](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/american-mountain-ash/index.html.md), [American Smoketree](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/american-smoketree/index.html.md), [American Snowbell](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/american-snowbell/index.html.md), [Arkansas Oak](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/arkansas-oak/index.html.md), [Arrowwood Viburnum](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/arrowwood-viburnum/index.html.md), [Ashe's Magnolia](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/ashe-magnolia/index.html.md), [Atlantic White Cedar](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/atlantic-white-cedar/index.html.md), [Bald Cypress](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/bald-cypress/index.html.md), [Bartram's Serviceberry](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/bartram-serviceberry/index.html.md), [Beach Plum](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/beach-plum/index.html.md), [Beaked Hazelnut](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/beaked-hazelnut/index.html.md), [Bear Huckleberry](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/bear-huckleberry/index.html.md), [Bear Oak (Scrub Oak)](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/bear-oak/index.html.md), [Bigleaf Magnolia](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/bigleaf-magnolia/index.html.md), [Bigleaf Snowbell](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/bigleaf-snowbell/index.html.md), [Bigleaf Witch Hazel](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/bigleaf-witch-hazel/index.html.md), [Black Chokeberry](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/black-chokeberry/index.html.md), [Black Huckleberry](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/black-huckleberry/index.html.md), [Blue Ridge St. John's-wort](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/blue-ridge-st-johns-wort/index.html.md), [Blueberry Hawthorn](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/blueberry-hawthorn/index.html.md), [Bluejack Oak](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/bluejack-oak/index.html.md), [Bluff Oak](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/bluff-oak/index.html.md), [Bog Spicebush](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/bog-spicebush/index.html.md), [Bottlebrush Buckeye](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/bottlebrush-buckeye/index.html.md), [Box Huckleberry](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/box-huckleberry/index.html.md), [Boynton Oak](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/boynton-oak/index.html.md), [Bracted Arrowwood](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/bracted-arrowwood/index.html.md), [Broom Crowberry](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/broom-crowberry/index.html.md), [Buckthorn Bully](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/buckthorn-bully/index.html.md), [Buckwheat Tree](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/buckwheat-tree/index.html.md), [Butternut](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/butternut/index.html.md), [Canada Buffaloberry](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/canada-buffaloberry/index.html.md), [Canada Plum](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/canada-plum/index.html.md), [Canada Yew](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/canada-yew/index.html.md), [Carolina Bog Laurel](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/carolina-bog-laurel/index.html.md), [Carolina Buckthorn](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/carolina-buckthorn/index.html.md), [Carolina Hemlock](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/carolina-hemlock/index.html.md), [Carolina Laurelcherry](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/carolina-laurelcherry/index.html.md), [Carolina Silverbell](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/carolina-silverbell/index.html.md), [Carolina St. John's-wort](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/carolina-st-johns-wort/index.html.md), [Catawba Rhododendron](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/catawba-rhododendron/index.html.md), [Catberry](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/catberry/index.html.md), [Cedar Elm](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/cedar-elm/index.html.md), [Chalk Maple](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/chalk-maple/index.html.md), [Chapman Oak](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/chapman-oak/index.html.md), [Chapman's St. John's-wort](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/chapman-st-johns-wort/index.html.md), [Cherrybark Oak, Wye Island line](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/cherrybark-oak/index.html.md), [Chestnut Oak](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/chestnut-oak/index.html.md), [Chinese Chestnut](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/chinese-chestnut/index.html.md), [Cinnamon Clethra](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/cinnamon-clethra/index.html.md), [Clammy Locust](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/clammy-locust/index.html.md), [Climbing Fetterbush](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/climbing-fetterbush/index.html.md), [Clusterspike Indigobush](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/clusterspike-indigobush/index.html.md), [Coastal Azalea](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/coastal-azalea/index.html.md), [Conjurer's-nut](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/conjurers-nut/index.html.md), [Corkwood](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/corkwood/index.html.md), [Creeping Blueberry](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/creeping-blueberry/index.html.md), [Creeping Juniper](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/creeping-juniper/index.html.md), [Cucumber Magnolia](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/cucumber-magnolia/index.html.md), [Cumberland Azalea](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/cumberland-azalea/index.html.md), [Cumberland Rosemary](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/cumberland-rosemary/index.html.md), [Dahoon](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/dahoon/index.html.md), [Dangleberry](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/dangleberry/index.html.md), [Delta Post Oak](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/delta-post-oak/index.html.md), [Devil's Walking Stick](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/devils-walking-stick/index.html.md), [Devilwood](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/devilwood/index.html.md), [Downy Arrowwood](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/downy-arrowwood/index.html.md), [Durand Oak](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/durand-oak/index.html.md), [Dwarf Live Oak](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/dwarf-live-oak/index.html.md), [Dwarf Pawpaw](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/dwarf-pawpaw/index.html.md), [Dwarf Tupelo](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/dwarf-tupelo/index.html.md), [Dwarf Witch Alder](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/dwarf-witch-alder/index.html.md), [Elliott's Blueberry](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/elliott-blueberry/index.html.md), [Fevertree](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/fevertree/index.html.md), [Flag Pawpaw](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/flag-pawpaw/index.html.md), [Flame Azalea](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/flame-azalea/index.html.md), [Flatwoods Plum](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/flatwoods-plum/index.html.md), [Florida Anise](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/florida-anise/index.html.md), [Florida Bully](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/florida-bully/index.html.md), [Florida Flame Azalea](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/florida-flame-azalea/index.html.md), [Florida Leucothoe](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/florida-leucothoe/index.html.md), [Florida Maple](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/florida-maple/index.html.md), [Florida Swamp Privet](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/florida-swamp-privet/index.html.md), [Florida Torreya](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/florida-torreya/index.html.md), [Florida Willow](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/florida-willow/index.html.md), [Florida Yew](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/florida-yew/index.html.md), [Four-petal Pawpaw](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/four-petal-pawpaw/index.html.md), [Franklin Tree](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/franklin-tree/index.html.md), [Fraser Fir](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/fraser-fir/index.html.md), [Fraser Magnolia](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/fraser-magnolia/index.html.md), [Georgia Bully](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/georgia-bully/index.html.md), [Georgia Indigobush](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/georgia-indigobush/index.html.md), [Georgia Oak](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/georgia-oak/index.html.md), [Georgia Plume](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/georgia-plume/index.html.md), [Godfrey's Swamp Privet](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/godfrey-swamp-privet/index.html.md), [Golden Heather](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/golden-heather/index.html.md), [Golden St. John's-wort](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/golden-st-johns-wort/index.html.md), [Granite Gooseberry](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/granite-gooseberry/index.html.md), [Gray Birch](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/gray-birch/index.html.md), [Gray Dogwood](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/gray-dogwood/index.html.md), [Hairy Blueberry](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/hairy-blueberry/index.html.md), [Hairy Laurel](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/hairy-laurel/index.html.md), [Harbison's Hawthorn](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/harbison-hawthorn/index.html.md), [Hercules' Club](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/hercules-club/index.html.md), [Hobblebush](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/hobblebush/index.html.md), [Honeycup](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/honeycup/index.html.md), [Inkberry](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/inkberry/index.html.md), [Laurel Oak](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/laurel-oak/index.html.md), [Littlehip Hawthorn](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/littlehip-hawthorn/index.html.md), [Littleleaf Buckbrush](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/littleleaf-buckbrush/index.html.md), [Live Oak](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/live-oak/index.html.md), [Lloyd's St. John's-wort](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/lloyd-st-johns-wort/index.html.md), [Loblolly Bay](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/loblolly-bay/index.html.md), [Long-stalked Holly](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/long-stalked-holly/index.html.md), [Longleaf Pine](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/longleaf-pine/index.html.md), [Maleberry](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/maleberry/index.html.md), [Maple-leaf Oak](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/maple-leaf-oak/index.html.md), [Mapleleaf Viburnum](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/mapleleaf-viburnum/index.html.md), [May White Azalea](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/may-white-azalea/index.html.md), [Mayhaw](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/mayhaw/index.html.md), [Miccosukee Gooseberry](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/miccosukee-gooseberry/index.html.md), [Michaux's Sumac](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/michaux-sumac/index.html.md), [Minnie-bush](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/minnie-bush/index.html.md), [Mountain Bush-honeysuckle](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/mountain-bush-honeysuckle/index.html.md), [Mountain Camellia (Mountain Stewartia)](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/mountain-camellia/index.html.md), [Mountain Doghobble](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/mountain-doghobble/index.html.md), [Mountain Fetterbush](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/mountain-fetterbush/index.html.md), [Mountain Indigobush](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/mountain-indigobush/index.html.md), [Mountain Laurel](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/mountain-laurel/index.html.md), [Mountain Maple](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/mountain-maple/index.html.md), [Mountain Sweetbells](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/mountain-sweetbells/index.html.md), [Mountain Winterberry](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/mountain-winterberry/index.html.md), [Mountain Witch Alder](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/mountain-witch-alder/index.html.md), [Myrtle Dahoon](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/myrtle-dahoon/index.html.md), [Myrtle Oak](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/myrtle-oak/index.html.md), [Nannyberry](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/nannyberry/index.html.md), [Nantucket Serviceberry](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/nantucket-serviceberry/index.html.md), [Netted Pawpaw](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/netted-pawpaw/index.html.md), [Northern Bayberry](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/northern-bayberry/index.html.md), [Northern Pin Oak](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/northern-pin-oak/index.html.md), [Northern White Cedar](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/northern-white-cedar/index.html.md), [Nutmeg Hickory](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/nutmeg-hickory/index.html.md), [Nuttall Oak](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/nuttall-oak/index.html.md), [Oconee Azalea](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/oconee-azalea/index.html.md), [Odorless Bayberry](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/odorless-bayberry/index.html.md), [Ogeechee Tupelo](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/ogeechee-tupelo/index.html.md), [Oglethorpe Oak](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/oglethorpe-oak/index.html.md), [Ouachita Indigobush](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/ouachita-indigobush/index.html.md), [Overcup Oak](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/overcup-oak/index.html.md), [Ozark Chinquapin](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/ozark-chinquapin/index.html.md), [Ozark Witch Hazel](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/ozark-witch-hazel/index.html.md), [Pagoda Dogwood](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/pagoda-dogwood/index.html.md), [Painted Buckeye](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/painted-buckeye/index.html.md), [Parsley Hawthorn](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/parsley-hawthorn/index.html.md), [Piedmont Azalea](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/piedmont-azalea/index.html.md), [Piedmont Rhododendron](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/piedmont-rhododendron/index.html.md), [Pin Cherry](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/pin-cherry/index.html.md), [Pinkshell Azalea](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/pinkshell-azalea/index.html.md), [Pinxterbloom Azalea](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/pinxterbloom-azalea/index.html.md), [Piratebush](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/piratebush/index.html.md), [Plateau Live Oak](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/plateau-live-oak/index.html.md), [Plumleaf Azalea](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/plumleaf-azalea/index.html.md), [Pond Cypress](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/pond-cypress/index.html.md), [Pond Pine](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/pond-pine/index.html.md), [Pondberry](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/pondberry/index.html.md), [Pondspice](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/pondspice/index.html.md), [Possumhaw Viburnum](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/possumhaw-viburnum/index.html.md), [Pygmy Fringetree](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/pygmy-fringetree/index.html.md), [Pyramid Magnolia](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/pyramid-magnolia/index.html.md), [Rabbiteye Blueberry](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/rabbiteye-blueberry/index.html.md), [Red Buckeye](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/red-buckeye/index.html.md), [Red Chokeberry](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/red-chokeberry/index.html.md), [Red Elderberry](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/red-elderberry/index.html.md), [Red Hickory](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/red-hickory/index.html.md), [Red Hills Azalea](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/red-hills-azalea/index.html.md), [Red Spruce](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/red-spruce/index.html.md), [Redbay](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/redbay/index.html.md), [Rhodora](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/rhodora/index.html.md), [Rosebay Rhododendron](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/rosebay-rhododendron/index.html.md), [Roundleaf Dogwood](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/roundleaf-dogwood/index.html.md), [Roundleaf Serviceberry](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/roundleaf-serviceberry/index.html.md), [Runner Oak](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/runner-oak/index.html.md), [Sand Hickory](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/sand-hickory/index.html.md), [Sand Myrtle](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/sand-myrtle/index.html.md), [Sand Pine](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/sand-pine/index.html.md), [Sand Post Oak](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/sand-post-oak/index.html.md), [Sandhill Oak](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/sandhill-oak/index.html.md), [Sarvis Holly](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/sarvis-holly/index.html.md), [Scentless Mock Orange](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/scentless-mock-orange/index.html.md), [Schwerin's Indigobush](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/schwerin-indigobush/index.html.md), [Scrub Hickory](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/scrub-hickory/index.html.md), [Scrub Plum](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/scrub-plum/index.html.md), [Seaside Alder](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/seaside-alder/index.html.md), [September Elm](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/september-elm/index.html.md), [Shadblow Serviceberry](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/shadblow-serviceberry/index.html.md), [Shining Indigobush](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/shining-indigobush/index.html.md), [Silky Camellia](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/silky-camellia/index.html.md), [Silky Dogwood](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/silky-dogwood/index.html.md), [Silverleaf Hydrangea](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/silverleaf-hydrangea/index.html.md), [Slimleaf Pawpaw](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/slimleaf-pawpaw/index.html.md), [Smooth Winterberry](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/smooth-winterberry/index.html.md), [Smooth-bark St. John's-wort](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/smooth-bark-st-johns-wort/index.html.md), [Softleaf Arrowwood](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/softleaf-arrowwood/index.html.md), [Sourwood](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/sourwood/index.html.md), [Southern Bush-honeysuckle](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/southern-bush-honeysuckle/index.html.md), [Southern Crabapple](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/southern-crabapple/index.html.md), [Southern Magnolia](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/southern-magnolia/index.html.md), [Southern Pawpaw](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/southern-pawpaw/index.html.md), [Southern Red Oak](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/southern-red-oak/index.html.md), [Southern Shagbark Hickory](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/southern-shagbark-hickory/index.html.md), [Spruce Pine](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/spruce-pine/index.html.md), [Squashberry](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/squashberry/index.html.md), [Staggerbush](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/staggerbush/index.html.md), [Strawberry Bush](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/strawberry-bush/index.html.md), [Streambank Mock Orange](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/streambank-mock-orange/index.html.md), [Striped Maple](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/striped-maple/index.html.md), [Swamp Azalea](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/swamp-azalea/index.html.md), [Swamp Chestnut Oak, select line](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/swamp-chestnut-oak/index.html.md), [Swamp Cottonwood](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/swamp-cottonwood/index.html.md), [Swamp Doghobble](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/swamp-doghobble/index.html.md), [Swamp Tupelo](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/swamp-tupelo/index.html.md), [Swamp White Oak](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/swamp-white-oak/index.html.md), [Sweet Azalea](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/sweet-azalea/index.html.md), [Sweet Birch (Black Birch)](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/sweet-birch/index.html.md), [Sweet Pepperbush (Summersweet)](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/sweet-pepperbush/index.html.md), [Sweetbay Magnolia](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/sweetbay-magnolia/index.html.md), [Sweetleaf](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/sweetleaf/index.html.md), [Sweetshrub](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/sweetshrub/index.html.md), [Table Mountain Pine](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/table-mountain-pine/index.html.md), [Tamarack](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/tamarack/index.html.md), [Three-flower Hawthorn](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/three-flower-hawthorn/index.html.md), [Titi](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/titi/index.html.md), [Tough Bully](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/tough-bully/index.html.md), [Toughleaf Dogwood](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/toughleaf-dogwood/index.html.md), [Turkey Oak](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/turkey-oak/index.html.md), [Two-wing Silverbell](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/two-wing-silverbell/index.html.md), [Umbrella Magnolia](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/umbrella-magnolia/index.html.md), [Upland Swamp Privet](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/upland-swamp-privet/index.html.md), [Virginia Spiraea](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/virginia-spiraea/index.html.md), [Virginia Sweetspire](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/virginia-sweetspire/index.html.md), [Walter's Viburnum](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/walter-viburnum/index.html.md), [Washington Hawthorn](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/washington-hawthorn/index.html.md), [Water Elm](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/water-elm/index.html.md), [Water Hickory](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/water-hickory/index.html.md), [Water Locust](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/water-locust/index.html.md), [Water Tupelo](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/water-tupelo/index.html.md), [Weeping Hawthorn](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/weeping-hawthorn/index.html.md), [Western Mayhaw](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/western-mayhaw/index.html.md), [White Fringetree](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/white-fringetree/index.html.md), [White Wicky](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/white-wicky/index.html.md), [Wild Black Currant](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/wild-black-currant/index.html.md), [Willow Oak](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/willow-oak/index.html.md), [Winterberry Holly](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/winterberry/index.html.md), [Witch Hazel](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/witch-hazel/index.html.md), [Woolly Beach Heather](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/woolly-beach-heather/index.html.md), [Woolly Huckleberry](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/woolly-huckleberry/index.html.md), [Woolly Pawpaw](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/woolly-pawpaw/index.html.md), [Yaupon](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/yaupon/index.html.md), [Yellow Anise](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/yellow-anise/index.html.md), [Yellow Birch](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/yellow-birch/index.html.md), [Yellow Buckeye](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/yellow-buckeye/index.html.md), [Yellowwood](https://bluewhaletrees.com/plants/yellowwood/index.html.md)

## Email me when any of these 12 is ready to order

For American Basswood (Linden), Kentucky Coffeetree, Blue Ash, Northern Pecan, Shagbark Hickory, Black Walnut, Common Hackberry, Mockernut Hickory, Pignut Hickory, Shellbark Hickory (Kingnut), Bitternut Hickory, Rock Elm: one email per plant when it is priced or back in stock, and nothing else.

## How the lists are made

- **Recorded in the state.** The USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service's PLANTS Database, the national standard for plant distribution, records a species in a state when a specimen or a published record places it growing there on its own. The lists hold the trees and shrubs we grow that it records in the state.
- **Native there.** PLANTS gives native status for a region, the lower 48 states as one, rather than for each state. So a species native to the East that has escaped from planting in a western state is recorded there as native to the region. A tree or shrub counts as native in a state PLANTS gives it as native, unless a narrower range is on record.
- **A narrower range.** For 95 of our trees and shrubs the records carry the states their native range reaches. They come from the Forest Service's Silvics of North America and range descriptions, NatureServe Explorer's state records, the NRCS plant guides, the Biota of North America Program's atlas and the state floras.
- **How a state is set apart.** A state where NatureServe calls a tree or shrub introduced is set apart when the range on its own page does not reach it. So is a western state where NatureServe has no record of it, far from that range. So is a state clearly outside the native range that Silvics of North America gives.
- **Listed apart.** In a state its native range does not reach, a tree or shrub PLANTS records there is listed apart, under a sentence from its page on its range or on the record. Some trees and shrubs have spread far beyond their native range. Black locust, rose locust and the two catalpas have spread the farthest, each into 32 or 33 other states.
- **Added from another record.** Where the range on a plant page reaches a state PLANTS lacks, the state is added, and its heading names the record that places the tree or shrub there. Bigleaf witch hazel was described in 2006, and PLANTS records it in Alabama and Mississippi only, so its Florida, Georgia and Texas records are NatureServe's. Another 24 trees and shrubs each carry a state or two this way, such as long-stalked holly's Georgia and Tennessee.
- **Introduced.** A species PLANTS lists as introduced to the region is listed as introduced, not native.
- **Not recorded.** The rest of our trees and shrubs, which PLANTS does not record growing wild in the state, are named in the fold under the lists. Many still grow well there when planted.
- **Your zone.** The line under the heading counts the natives rated for the zone this device remembers, by each card's own zones, as the shop's zone filter counts them. Native here does not mean hardy where you are.
- **The order.** The natives come by mature size, from large trees to shrubs. Within each size, Featured is the shop's own order.

A state line is a surveyor's line. A species recorded in the next state, on the same river and the same soil, belongs on your ground as much as anything on this list, and one recorded in your state may be native only to a corner of it. [Why the range maps are wrong](https://bluewhaletrees.com/articles/range-maps-are-wrong/index.html.md) goes through the errors every range map carries and what to trust instead: herbarium records, state atlases and your own eyes. Each plant page states the native range in words, from the Forest Service's silvics and the state extension services.

Sources: USDA, NRCS. The PLANTS Database (https://plants.usda.gov), state records read on 2026-09-23. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA. NatureServe. 2026. NatureServe Explorer (https://explorer.natureserve.org), state records read on 2026-10-05. NatureServe, Arlington, Virginia. Burns, R. M. and B. H. Honkala, technical coordinators. 1990. Silvics of North America. Agriculture Handbook 654. USDA Forest Service, Washington, DC.